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ISRO · In Development · in · Crew Spacecraft

Gaganyaan

India's first crewed orbital spacecraft; 3-seat crew module targeting LEO at 300–400 km.

Verified 2026-06-17

Operator page

Subsystems

propulsion

Service module uses unified bipropellant system with MON-3 + MMH; 5 main engines (440 N) and 16 RCS thrusters (100 N); supports main orbital maneuvers, de-boost, and abort.

life-support

Integrated life support as major new technology for the program; ECLSS validated on uncrewed G-series test flights.

avionics

Navigation and control systems tested on uncrewed missions.

thermal

Heat shield for reentry and splashdown recovery.

Specs & Metrics

Crew Capacity ↑ better
3 seats
Maximum number of crew members the vehicle can carry on a nominal mission.

Program roadmap

Gaganyaan program roadmap2026 Q4PlannedG1 first uncrewed flight (Vyomi…2027 Q1SlippedH1 first crewed flight — 3 astr…20262028
  • planned

    G1 first uncrewed flight (Vyomitra robot) — ECLSS and reentry validation

    2026 Q4
  • slipped

    H1 first crewed flight — 3 astronauts to LEO (~300–400 km); delayed to Q1 2027

    2027 Q1