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United Launch Alliance · Operational · us · Launch Vehicle

Vulcan Centaur

ULA's next-generation heavy-lift rocket; NSSL-certified March 2025.

Verified 2026-06-17 · First flight 2024-01-08

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Systems cutaway

Systems
Vulcan Centaur — systems cutaway schematicPropulsion
2× BE-4 LOX/liquefied natural gas main engines (Blue Origin); up to 6× GEM-63XL solid strap-on boosters (Northrop Grumman); Centaur V upper stage with 2× RL-10C LOX/LH2.
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Structures
5.4 m diameter core; 4 m and 5.4 m fairing options; 61.6–67.4 m height depending on fairing.
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Avionics
Autonomous Flight Safety System (AFSS); updated flight computer derived from Atlas V heritage.
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Vulcan Centaur61.6 m
Propulsion

2× BE-4 LOX/liquefied natural gas main engines (Blue Origin); up to 6× GEM-63XL solid strap-on boosters (Northrop Grumman); Centaur V upper stage with 2× RL-10C LOX/LH2.

Structures

5.4 m diameter core; 4 m and 5.4 m fairing options; 61.6–67.4 m height depending on fairing.

Avionics

Autonomous Flight Safety System (AFSS); updated flight computer derived from Atlas V heritage.

Specs & Metrics

Payload to LEO ↑ better
27,200 kg
VC6S configuration maximum
Maximum payload mass deliverable to low Earth orbit (~200–400 km circular), in the vehicle's stated reference configuration.
Payload to GTO ↑ better
14,500 kg
VC6S configuration maximum
Maximum payload mass deliverable to geostationary transfer orbit (~185 × 35,786 km), in the stated reference config.
Liftoff Thrust ↑ better
17056 kN
VC6S configuration
Total first-stage thrust at liftoff (sea-level), in kilonewtons, summing all active engines and solid strap-ons.
Liftoff Mass ↓ better
547 t
Total vehicle mass at liftoff including propellant, payload, and all stages, in metric tonnes.
Vehicle Height ↓ better
61.6 m
Full stack height at liftoff, in metres, including fairing or spacecraft.
Launches in 2025 ↑ better
1
USSF-106 on August 13, 2025
Total number of launch attempts conducted in calendar year 2025 (Jan 1 – Dec 31 UTC).

Subsystems

propulsion

2× BE-4 LOX/liquefied natural gas main engines (Blue Origin); up to 6× GEM-63XL solid strap-on boosters (Northrop Grumman); Centaur V upper stage with 2× RL-10C LOX/LH2.

structures

5.4 m diameter core; 4 m and 5.4 m fairing options; 61.6–67.4 m height depending on fairing.

avionics

Autonomous Flight Safety System (AFSS); updated flight computer derived from Atlas V heritage.

Program roadmap

Vulcan Centaur program roadmap2025-03AchievedNSSL Phase 2 certification by U…2025-08AchievedUSSF-106 national security payl…20252026
  • achieved

    NSSL Phase 2 certification by US Space Force

    2025-03
  • achieved

    USSF-106 national security payload launch (first operational NSSL mission)

    2025-08